Born in Amherst, Ohio, Richard B. Lillich received his bachelor's degree from Oberlin College in 1954; his LL.B from Cornell Law School in 1957, with a specialization in International Affairs; and his LL.M and J.S.D from New York University School of Law in 1959-60, with a specialization in International Law. Lillich was admitted to the New York Bar in 1957. He practiced private law until 1960 and then joined Syracuse University College of Law where he was a professor and director of International Legal Studies until 1969. In 1963 and 1966-67 he was a Ford Foundation Fellow and a Guggenheim Fellow in England. He came to the University of Virginia that same year and was named Howard W. Smith Professor in 1977. In 1994 he was named Visiting Edward Ball Eminent Scholar Chair in International Law at Florida State University College of Law. He held both of these positions until his death in 1996. In addition he was a visiting professor or fellow at many prestigious institutions, including the United States Naval War College; the Centre for International Studies, Cambridge, England; New York University School of Law; All Souls College, Oxford, England; the Max-Planck Institute, Heidelberg, Germany; University of Georgia School of Law; and St. Louis University School of Law.
A prominent scholar of international law, Lillich published more than 30 books and scores of articles. He taught courses in International law, admiralty, and human rights. He became respected scholar in the fields of international claims, international investment law, diplomatic protection of aliens and their property, state responsibility, and international humanitarian and human rights law. He was a longtime, active leader in the American Society of International Law and served for many years on the editorial board of the American Journal of International Law. From 1973-85 he edited the Virginia Legal Studies series. He was co-founder and President of the Procedural Aspects of International Law Institute, a group of international law scholars and practitioners he helped establish in 1965. Other memberships include the American Law Institute, the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, the International Law Association. As an active lawyer preoccupied with human rights problems worldwide, he served on the advisory boards of a number of international groups focusing on these problems, including the International Human Rights Law Group, which he helped to found in 1978; the Advisory Council of the U.S. Institute of Human Rights; and the Advisory Board of the Urban Morgan Institute of Human Rights. His national service included consultation for the U. S. Naval War College, Department of State, the U.S. Centre Against Apartheid, and the Department of State in the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal.
Lillich's professional files, including those pertaining to Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal and the Sokol Colloquium on Private International Law, are available in Special Collections.
The Valuation of Nationalized Property in International Law (editor) (University Press of Virginia, 1972-87).
Humanitarian Intervention and the United Nations (editor) (University Press of Virginia, 1973).
International Claims: Their Settlement by Lump Sum Agreements (with Burns H. Weston) (University Press of Virginia, 1975).
Economic Coercion and the New International Economic Order (editor) (Michie, 1976).
International Human Rights: Problems of Law and Policy (with Frank C. Newman) (Little, Brown, 1979).
International Human Rights Instruments: A Compilation of Treaties, Agreements, and Declarations (International Human Rights Law Group, 1980).
Readings in International Law from the Naval War College Review, 1949-1977 (editor with John Norton Moore) (Naval War College Press, 1980).
The Family in International Law: Some Emerging Problems (Third Sokol Colloquium) (editor) (Michie, 1981).International Aspects of Criminal Law: Enforcing United States Law in the World Community (Fourth Sokol Colloquium) (editor) (Michie, 1981).
U.S. Ratification of the Human Rights Treaties: With or Without Reservations? (Editor) (University Press of Virginia, 1981).
International Claims: Contemporary European Practice (editor with Burns H. Weston) (University Press of Virginia, 1982).
Transnational Terrorism: Conventions and Commentary (editor) (Michie, 1982).
International Human Rights Instruments: A Compilation of Treaties, Agreements and Declarations of Especial Interest to the United States (editor) (Hein, 1983; 2d ed. 1990).
International Law of State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens (editor) (University Press of Virginia, 1983).
The Human Rights of Aliens in Contemporary International Law (Manchester University Press, 1984).
The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal 1981-1983 (Seventh Sokol Colloquium) (editor) (University Press of Virginia, 1984).Materials on International Human Rights and U.S. Constitutional Law (with Hurst Hannum) (Procedural Aspects of International Law Institute, 1985).
Materials on International Human Rights and U.S. Criminal Law and Procedure (with Hurst Hannum and Stephen A. Saltzburg) (Procedural Aspects of International Law Institute, 1989).
International Human Rights: Problems of Law, Policy, and Practice (Little, Brown, 1991).
International Human Rights: Documentary Supplement (Little, Brown, 1991).
Fact-Finding Before International Tribunals: Eleventh Sokol Colloquium (editor) (Transnational Publishers, 1992).
International Arbitration in the 21st Century: Towards “Judicialization” and Uniformity: The Twelfth Sokol Colloquium (editor with Charles N. Brower) (Transnational Publishers, 1994).
International Human Rights: Problems of Law, Policy, and Practice (with Hurst Hannum) (Little, Brown, 3d ed. 1995).
International Human Rights: Documentary Supplement (with Hurst Hannum) (Little, Brown, 1995).
The United Nations Compensation Commission: Thirteenth Sokol Colloquium (editor) (Transnational Publishers, 1995).
The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal: Its Contribution to the Law of State Responsibility (editor with Daniel B. Magraw) (Transnational Publishers, 1998).
International Claims: Their Settlement by Lump Sum Agreements, 1975-1995 (with Burns H. Weston and David J. Bederman) (Transnational Publishers, 1999).
Lillich on the Forcible Protection of Nationals Abroad: In Memory of Professor Richard B. Lillich (edited by Thomas C. Wingfield and James E. Meyen) (77 Int’l L. Stud.) (Naval War College, 2002).
International Human Rights: Problems of Law, Policy, and Practice (with Hurst Hannum, S. James Anaya, and Dinah Shelton) (Aspen Publishers, 4th ed. 2006).
International Human Rights: Documentary Supplement (with Hurst Hannum, S. James Anaya, and Dinah Shelton) (Aspen Publishers, 2006; 2009).
Intervention to Protect Human Rights, 15 McGill L.J. 205-219 (1969).
Forcible Self-Help under International Law, Naval War C. L. Rev., Feb. 1970, at 56-65.
Labor Law: Temporary Employment, in Legal Thought in the United States of America under Contemporary Pressures 429-437 (John H. Hazard & Wenceslas J. Wagner eds., Emile Bruylant, 1970).
1969 Survey of New York Law: International Law, 21 Syracuse L. Rev. 451-480 (1970).
The Procedural Aspects of International Law Institute, 4 Int’l Law. 741-751 (1970).
The Proper Role of Domestic Courts in the International Legal Order, 11 Va. J. Int’l L. 9-50 (1970).
The U.N. and Human Rights Complaints: U. Thant as Strict Constructionist, 64 Am. J. Int’l L. 610-614 (1970).
Federal Court Certification of Doubtful State Law Questions (with Raymond T. Mundy), 18 UCLA L. Rev. 888-915 (1971).
1970 Survey of New York Law: International Law, 22 Syracuse L. Rev. 263-290 (1971).
The Rigidity of Barcelona, 65 Am. J. Int’l L. 522-532 (1971).
The Anglo-Soviet Claims Agreement of 1968, 21 Int’l & Comp L. Q. 1-14 (1972).
Domestic Institutions, in 4 The Future of the International Legal Order 384-424 (Cyril E. Black & Richard A. Falk eds., Princeton University Press, 1972).
1971 Survey of New York Law: International Law, 23 Syracuse L. Rev. 507-530 (1972).
The Recent Chilean Experience and Future Prospects, 2 Denv. J. Int’l L. & Pol’y 136-145 (1972).
The Valuation of Nationalized Property by the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission, in 1 The Valuation of Nationalized Property in International Law 95-116 (Richard B. Lillich ed., University Press of Virginia, 1972).
The Valuation of the Copper Companies in the Chilean Nationalizations, 66 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 213-216 (1972); excerpt reprinted in 7 Int’l Law. 124-131 (1973) and in 2 The Valuation of Nationalized Property in International Law 120-125 (Richard B. Lillich ed., University Press of Virginia, 1973).
Human Rights, the National Interest, and U.S. Foreign Policy: Some Preliminary Observations, 14 Va. J. Int’l L. 591-596 (1974).
Humanitarian Intervention: A Reply to Ian Brownlie and a Plea for Constructive Alternatives, in Law and Civil War in the Modern World 229-251 (John Norton Moore ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974).
The Diplomatic Protection of Nationals Abroad: An Elementary Principle of International Law under Attack, 69 Am. J. Int’l L. 359-365 (1975).
The Gravel Amendment to the Trade Reform Act of 1974: Congress Checkmates a Presidential Lump Sum Agreement, 69 Am. J. Int’l L. 837-847 (1975).
The Valuation of Nationalized Property in International Law: Toward a Consensus or More “Rich Chaos”?, in 3 The Valuation of Nationalized Property in International Law 183-204 (Richard B. Lillich ed., University Press of Virginia, 1975).
Economic Coercion and the International Legal Order, 51 Int’l Aff 358-371 (1975); reprinted in Economic Coercion and the New International Economic Order 73-86 (Richard B. Lillich ed., Michie, 1976); and in The Arab Oil Weapon 151-164 (Jordan J. Paust & Albert P. Blaustein eds., Oceana, 1977).
The United States-Hungarian Claims Agreement of 1973, 69 Am. J. Int’l L. 534-559 (1975).
The Deliberative Process of the International Court of Justice: A Preliminary Critique and Some Possible Reforms (with G. Edward White), 70 Am. J. Int’l L. 28-40 (1976).
Economic Coercion and the “New International Economic Order”: A Second Look at Some First Impressions, 16 Va. J. Int’l L. 233-244 (1976); reprinted in Economic Coercion and the New International Economic Order 107-118 (Richard B. Lillich ed., Michie, 1976).
The Problem of the Applicability of Existing International Provisions for the Protection of Human Rights to Individuals Who Are Not Citizens of the Country in Which They Live, 70 Am. J. Int’l L. 507-510 (1976).
The 1976 Terrorism Amendment to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (with Thomas E. Carbonneau), 11 J. Int’l L. & Econ. 223-236 (1977); reprinted in International Terrorism 21-29 (Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, Hearing, Sept. 14, 1977).
State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens Occasioned by Terrorist Activities (with John M. Paxman), 26 Am. U. L. Rev. 217-313 (1977).
The Status of Economic Coercion under International Law: United Nations Norms, 12 Tex. Int’l L.J. 17-23 (1977); reprinted in 1 Conference on Transnational Economic Boycotts and Coercion 115-128 (Roy M. Mersky ed., Oceana, 1978).
The Duties of States Regarding the Civil Rights of Aliens, 161 Recueil des Cours 329-442 (1978).
The Role of Domestic Courts in Promoting International Human Rights Norms, in International Human Rights Law and Practice 105-131 (James C. Tuttle ed., American Bar Association, 1978); reprinted in 24 N.Y. L. Sch. L. Rev. 153-177 (1978).
The Current Status of the Law of State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens, 73 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 244-249 (1979).
Procedural Human Rights, in Human Rights: The Capetown Conference 124-137 (C.F. Forsyth & J.E. Schiller eds., Juta, 1979).
The Treatment of Aliens and International Human Rights Norms: Overlooked Developments at the UN (with Stephen C. Neff), 21 German Y.B. Int’l L. 97-118 (1979).
U.S. Foreign Policy, Human Rights, and Foreign Trade and Investment, 1979 Private Investors Abroad 281-319.
A United States Policy of Humanitarian Intervention and Intercession, in Human Rights and American Foreign Policy 278-298 (Donald P. Kommers & Gilburt D. Loescher eds., University of Notre Dame Press, 1979).
The Concept of Autonomy in International Law (with Hurst Hannum), 74 Am. J. Int’l L. 858-889 (1980); reprinted in Models of Autonomy 215-254 (Yoram Dinstein ed., Transaction Books, 1981).
The Role of Domestic Courts in Enforcing International Human Rights Law, 74 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 20-25 (1980).
The Contribution of the United States to the Promotion and Protection of International Human Rights, in The Dynamics of Human Rights in United States Foreign Policy 291-319 (Natalie Kaufman Hevener ed., Transaction Books, 1981).
The ICJ Decisions and Other Public International Law Issues, in The Iran Crisis and International Law 25-32 (Robert D. Steele ed., John Bassett Moore Society of International Law, 1981).
The Promotion of Human Rights by Domestic Courts: A Comparative Approach, in The Individual under African Law 160-179 (Peter Nanyenda Takirambudde ed., University of Swaziland, 1982).
The Current Status of the Law of State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens, in International Law of State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens 1-60 (Richard B. Lillich ed., University Press of Virginia, 1983).
Interest in the Law of International Claims, in Essays in Honour of Voitto Saario and Toivo Sainio 51-60 (Kari Hakapää ed., Finnish Branch of the International Law Association, 1983).
Model American Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Serious Forms of Violence, 77 Am. J. Int’l L. 662-668 (1983).
The Promotion of Human Rights Through Bilateral Treaties: The Australian Experience with Migration and Settlement Agreements (with S.C. Neff), 8 Austl. Y.B. Int’l L. 142-161 (1983).
The Teaching of International Human Rights Law in U.S. Law Schools, 77 Am. J. Int’l L. 855-861 (1983); reprinted in 3 Antioch L.J. 145-151 (1985).
Civil Rights, in 1 Human Rights in International Law: Legal and Policy Issues 115-170 (Theodor Meron ed., Clarendon Press, 1984).
The Role of Domestic Courts in Enforcing International Human Rights Law, in Guide to International Human Rights Practice 223-347 (Hurst Hannum ed., University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984).
Sovereignty and Humanity: Can They Converge?, in The Spirit of Uppsala 406-421 (Atle Grahl-Madsen & Jiri Toman eds., De Gruyter, 1984).
Invoking International Human Rights Law in Domestic Courts, 54 U. Cin. L. Rev. 367-415 (1985).
Linkages Between International Human Rights and U.S. Constitutional Law (with Hurst Hannum), 79 Am. J. Int’l L. 158-163 (1985).
The Paris Minimum Standards of Human Rights Norms in a State of Emergency, 79 Am. J. Int’l L. 1072-1081 (1985).
A Human Rights Agenda for the New Administration: Some Preliminary Observations, 28 Va. J. Int’l L. 827-834 (1988).
Lump Sum Agreements: Their Continuing Contribution to the Law of International Claims (with Burns H. Weston), 82 Am. J. Int’l L. 69-80 (1988).
The Constitution and International Human Rights, 83 Am. J. Int’l L. 851-862 (1989).
Joint Ventures and the Law of International Claims, 10 Mich. J. Int’l L. 430-449 (1989).
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Contemporary Human Rights Law, in Les Droits de l’Homme: Universalité et Renouveau, 1789-1989, at 107-118 (Guy Braibant & Gerard Marcou eds., Editions L’Harmattan, 1990).
The Development of International Human Rights Law and Practice in the Aftermath of Vietnam and Its Application to the Central American Context, in The Vietnam Debate: A Fresh Look at the Arguments 203-210 (John Norton Moore ed., University Press of America, 1990).
Human Rights, in National Security Law 671-722 (John Norton Moore et al. eds., Carolina Academic Press, 1990).
The United States Constitution and International Human Rights Law, 3 Harv. Hum. Rts. J. 53-81 (1990).
United States Ratification of the United Nations Covenants, 20 Ga. J. Int’l & Comp. L. 279-291 (1990).
Transplanting Organs from Living Donors: An International Regime or More Free Enterprise?, 1 Finnish Y.B. Int’l L. 510-527 (1990).
Sources of Human Rights Law and the Hong Kong Bill of Rights, 10 Chinese Y.B. Int’l L. & Aff. 27-115 (1990-91).
Queensland Guidelines for Bodies Monitoring Respect for Human Rights During States of Emergency, 85 Am. J. Int’l L. 716-720 (1991).
The Soering Case, 85 Am. J. Int’l L. 128-149 (1991).
Damages for Gross Violations of International Human Rights Awarded by US Courts, 15 Hum. Rts. Q. 207-229 (1993).
The Law Governing Disputes under Economic Development Agreements: Reexamining the Concept of “Internationalization,” in International Arbitration in the 21st Century: Towards “Judicialization” and Uniformity: The Twelfth Sokol Colloquium 61-114 (Richard B. Lillich & Charles N. Brower eds., Transnational Publishers, 1994).
The Role of the UN Security Council in Protecting Human Rights in Crisis Situations: Un Humanitarian Intervention in the Post-cold War World, 3 Tul. J. Int’l & Comp. L. 1-17 (1995).
Towards the Harmonization of International Human Rights Law, in Recht Zwischen Umbruch und Bewahrung: Völkerrecht, Europarecht, Staatsrecht: Festschrift für Rudolf Bernhardt 453-476 (Ulrich Beyerlin et al. eds., Springer-Verlag, 1995).
Opinion Regarding the Jurisdiction and Powers of the United Nations Compensation Commission (with Charles N. Brower), 38 Va. J. Int’l L. 25-50 (1997).
Review of Mummery, The Protection of International Private Investment, 63 Am. J. Int’l L. 663-664 (1969).
Editor’s Foreword, in John Carey, UN Protection of Civil and Political Rights vii-ix (Syracuse University Press, 1970).
Review of Joseph, Nationality and Diplomatic Protection, 64 Am. J. Int’l L. 446-448 (1970).
Editor’s Foreword, in Burns H. Weston, International Claims: Postwar French Practice vi-viii (Syracuse University Press, 1971).
Editor’s Foreword, in Frank Griffith Dawson & Ivan L. Head, International Law, National Tribunals and the Rights of Aliens vii-x (Syracuse University Press, 1971).
Review of Szasz, ed., Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States, 65 Am. J. Int’l L. 846-847 (1971).
The Teaching of International Aspects of Human Rights: Remarks, 65 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 254 (1971).
The Obligation to Register Treaties and International Agreements with the United Nations, 65 Am. J. Int’l L. 771-773 (1971).
Round Table: Toward More Adequate Diplomatic Protection of Private Claims: “Aris Gloves,” “Barcelona Traction,” and Beyond (chairman), 65 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 333-365 (1971).
The United Nations: Its Results and Opportunities, New Soc’y, Dec. 16, 1971, at 1192-1195.
Editor’s Foreword, in Ignaz Seidl-Hohenveldern, The Austrian-German Arbitral Tribunal v-vi (Syracuse University Press, 1972).
Review of Franck & Weisband, World Politics, 66 Am. J. Int’l L. 883-884 (1972).
The Foreign Affairs 50-Year Bibliography: New Evaluations of Significant Books on International Relations, 1920-1970 (contributor) (Byron Dexter ed., Council on Foreign Relations, 1972).
Symposium: International Human Rights: Introduction, 12 Santa Clara Law. 205-208 (1972).
Humanitarian Assistance and Intervention: An Introduction, in The United Nations: A Reassessment; Sanctions, Peacekeeping, and Humanitarian Assistance 103-104 (John M. Paxman & George T. Boggs eds., University Press of Virginia, 1973).
Review of The War Claims Commission: World War II, 67 Am. J. Int’l L. 602-603 (1973).
Review of DeLupis, Finance and Protection of Investments in Developing Countries, 68 Am. J. Int’l L. 569 (1974).
Marion Kellogg, 16 Va. J. Int’l L. 4-5 (1975).
Requiem for Hickenlooper, 69 Am. J. Int’l L. 97-100 (1975).
Confiscation of Property, in 2 Dictionary of American History 168-169 (Scribner’s, 1976).
Nationalization of U.S. Property Abroad, in 4 Dictionary of American History 465-466 (Scribner’s, 1976).
Statement, in International Terrorism 13-21 (Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, Hearing, Sept. 14, 1977).
Statement, in Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy 67-109 (Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing, May 10, 1979).
Statement, in International Human Rights Treaties 325-327 (Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, Hearing, Nov. 19, 1979).
Statement on Behalf of Ion Uncureanu, in Waiver of Freedom of Emigration Requirement to the Socialist Republic of Romania and the Hungarian People’s Republic 351-359 (Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing, July 9, 1979).
U.S. Legislation Relating Human Rights to U.S. Foreign Policy (International Human Rights Law Group, 1979; 2d ed. 1980).
Review of Brownlie, ed., Basic Documents on Human Rights, 2d ed., 52 Brit. Y.B. Int’l L. 276 (1981).
Statement, in The International Rule of Law Act 117-129 (Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, Hearing, Sept. 14, 1981).
Introduction (with Burns H. Weston), in International Claims: Contemporary European Practice 1-13 (Richard B. Lillich & Burns H. Weston eds., University Press of Virginia, 1982).
Iran-United States Claims Tribunal: Remarks, 76 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 5-9 (1982).
Review of Goodwin-Gill, International Law and the Movement of Persons Between States, 76 Am. J. Int’l L. 670-672 (1982).
Review of Kavass, Grannier, & Dominick, eds., Human Rights, European Politics, and the Helsinki Accord, 10 Int’l J. Legal Info. 126-127 (1982).
Review of Bilder, Managing the Risks of International Agreement, 11 Int’l J. Legal Info. 39-40 (1983).
Statement, in Political Killings by Governments of Their Citizens 44-58 (Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing, Nov. 16, 1983).
Human Rights and the Movement of Persons: Comments, 78 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 357-358 (1984).
Review of Schreuer, Decisions of International Institutions Before Domestic Courts, 78 Am. J. Int’l L. 527-528 (1984).
Lump Sum Agreements, in 8 Encyclopedia of Public International Law 367-372 (Rudolf Bernhardt ed., North-Holland, 1985); reprinted with addendum in 3 Encyclopedia of Public International Law 268-273 (Rudolf Bernhardt ed., North-Holland, 1997).
Invoking International Human Rights Law in Domestic Courts (American Bar Association Standing Committee on World Order under Law, 1985).
Legal Regulation of the Sale and Transplantation of Human Organs, Va. L. Sch. Rep., Summer 1985, at 24-26.
The Revised Draft Restatement of the Foreign Relations Law of the United States and Customary International Law: Remarks, 79 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 84-86 (1985).
Critiquing Bork Through International Law, Va. L. Wkly., Oct. 9, 1987, at 1-2.
Review of Cançado Trindade, The Application of the Rule of Exhaustion of Local Remedies in International Law, 81 Am. J. Int’l L. 271-274 (1987).
Health, Human Rights and International Law: Remarks, 82 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 130-133, 138-139 (1988).
Foreword, in Subrata Roy Chowdhury, Rule of Law in a State of Emergency: The Paris Minimum Standards of Human Rights Norms in a State of Emergency ix-xi (St. Martin’s Press, 1989).
Memorial to William W. Bishop, Jr, 10 Mich. J. Int’l L. 28-29 (1989).
Recent Developments in State Responsibility: Remarks, 83 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 224, 249-250 (1989).
Statement, in Issues Affecting the Question of United States Relations with Vietnam 34-47 (Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing, Nov. 17, 1989).
Roundtable: The United States Constitution and the Adoption of International Human Rights Instruments: Freeing the Political Logjam: Panel I – The Process of and Obstacles to United States Ratification of International Human Rights Instruments – General Discussion (with others), 20 Ga. J. Int’l & Comp. L. 293-298 (1990).
Table Ronde Finale: Universalité et Contingences (with others), in Les Droits de l’Homme: Universalité et Renouveau, 1789-1989, at 387-410 (Guy Braibant & Gerard Marcou eds., Editions L’Harmattan, 1990).
Transitions to Democracy and the Rule of Law: Panel I: Transitions in the Midst of Crisis: The Role of the Non-Governmental Organization: Remarks, 5 Am. U. J. Int’l L. & Pol’y 973-978 (1990).
The Appropriateness of Continuing International Sanctions Against South Africa: Remarks, 84 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 307, 317-318 (1990).
Attribution Issues in State Responsibility (moderator), 84 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. 51-77 (1990).
Human Rights: The Development of the Constitutional Framework and the Prospects for the Future: Roundtable Discussion (with others), in Constitutionalism and Human Rights: America, Poland, and France: A Bicentennial Colloquium at the Miller Center 143-160 (Kenneth W. Thompson & Rett R. Ludwikowski eds., University Press of America, 1991).
L.F.E. Goldie: A Tribute, 31 Va. J. Int’l L. 527-530 (1991).
Review of Nowak, U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 89 Am. J. Int’l L. 460-461 (1995).
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